Results: Pregnant women with GDM were older
(p < 0.001) and had higher body mass index (p < 0.001) than
controls. GDM was associated with higher risk of prematurity
in twin pregnancy (odds ratio 1.64, 95% confidence interval
[1.14–2.32], p = 0.005). This association was based on the association
with other pregnancy complications. Birthweight Z-scores
were significantly higher in the GDM group (p = 0.02). The rate of
macrosomia was higher in the GDM group (p = 0.002) and small
for gestational age (SGA) babies were significantly less frequent
(p = 0.03). GDM was an independent predictor of macrosomia
(p = 0.006).