Our study provided new evidence for these associations among Chinese adolescents. Mental and psychosocial disability has been a major concern in modern competitive society [35]. Particularly, puberty is a very vulnerable stage for emotional and mental problems [36]. The present study demonstrated that more than one-third of Chinese adolescents frequently went through negative emotion during bedtime; it is the first study to establish the associations between negative mental condition and insufficient sleep duration among Chinese adolescents. By contrast, the associations were not established among our previous study in school-aged children [30].