Today, CFD based mathematical models can be
applied as has been demonstrated for the submerged
combustion melter and plasma melter and developments
at TNO enable the design of new furnaces and to optimize not only furnace design (combustion chamber and
melting tank segments), but also process settings and to
predict glass melt quality based on melting and fining
index distributions, residence time distribution calculations
and determining evaporation from the melt [14,
15] and refractory corrosion rate behavior [2, 25].