This paper focused on the membrane fouling caused by extracellular organic matters
(EOM) which was extracted from lab-cultured Microcystis aeruginosa in stationary phase.
The characteristics of EOM such as molecular weight distribution, hydrophobicity and
fluorescence were measured. It was found that high molecular weight (MW) and hydrophilic
organics accounted for the major parts of algal EOM which was comprised of proteinlike,
polysaccharide-like and humic-like substances. Ultrafiltration (UF) experiments were
carried out in a stirring cell and hydrophobic polyethersulfone (PES) membranes which
carried negative charge were used. Prefiltration, calcium addition and XAD fractionation
were employed to change the interfacial characteristics of EOM. Then the effects of these
interfacial characteristics on flux decline, reversibility and mass balance of organics were
compared. Algal EOM proved to cause serious membrane fouling during UF. The fraction of
algal EOM between 0.45 mm and 100 kDa contributed a significant portion of the fouling.
Hydrophobic organics in EOM tended to adhere to membrane surface causing irreversible
fouling, while the cake layer formed by hydrophilic organics caused greater resistance to
water flow due to hydrophilic interaction such as hydrogen bond and led to faster flux
decline during UF. The results also indicated that the algal EOM was negatively charged
and the electrostatic repulsion could prevent organics fromadhering to membrane surface.
In term of fouling mechanisms, cake layer formation, hydrophobic adhesion and pore
plugging were the main mechanisms for membrane fouling caused by algal EOM.