The present study evaluated biodiesel production using oil extracted from fish canning industry wastes,
focusing on pre-treatment and reaction conditions. Experimental planning was conducted to evaluate the
influence of acid catalyst concentration (1–3 wt.% H2SO4) in the esterification pre-treatment and the
amount of methanolic solution (60–90 vol.%) used at the beginning of the further two-step alkali transesterification
reaction. The use of a raw-material mixture, including waste oil obtained from olive oil
bagasse, was also studied. The results from experimental planning showed that catalyst concentration
mostly influenced product yield and quality, the best conditions being 1 wt.% catalyst and 60 vol.% of
methanolic solution, to obtain a product yield of 73.9 wt.% and a product purity of 75.5 wt.%. Results from
a one-step reaction under the selected conditions showed no advantage of performing a two-step alkali
process. Although under the best conditions several of the biodiesel quality parameters were in agreement
with standard specifications, a great variation was found in the biodiesel acid value, and oxidation
stability and methyl ester content did not comply with biodiesel quality standards. Aiming to improve
fuel quality, a mixture containing 80% waste olive oil and 20% of waste fish oil was evaluated. Using such
mixture, biodiesel purity increased around 15%, being close to the standard requirements (96.5 wt.%), and
the oxidation stability was in agreement with the biodiesel quality standard values (P6 h), which are
promising results clearly showing the potential of using such wastes, of very low value, for biodiesel
production.