The only king in the present dynasty who called himself Rama was Phra Mongkutklao or King Vajiravudh, who was the sixth to reign. His reigning title was Phra Mongkutklao Chaoyuhua; later in his reign, he preferred to style himself as Phra Ram thi Hok (พระรามที่หก lit. Rama VI). It was presumed that he was influenced by the European practice of numbering the rulers with similar names while he studied in England.
This quite conveniently coincided with another practice of the Thai people. Traditionally, the name of the king is sacred and would not normally be said. Instead people would refer to the king by other words — these days Nai Luang or Phra Chao Yu Hua. When King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke founded the dynasty, he was commonly referred to as Phan Din Ton (แผ่นดินต้น lit. 'the First Reign'); and when his son inherited the throne, he was referred to as Phan Din Klang (แผ่นดินกลาง lit. 'the Middle Reign'). This then became awkward when Prince Jessadabodindra (King Nangklao) became the third king, as the obvious referral would then be Phan Din Plai (แผ่นดินปลาย lit. 'the Last Reign') — which did not sound very auspicious. He decided to give the names Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke and Buddha Loedla Nabhalai, after the names of two Buddha statues, to his two predecessors. He was then posthumously given the name "Nang Klao" by his successor, King Mongkut, who also tried to establish more systematic royal nomenclature. Later historians would refer to King Nang Klao's reign as Ratchakan thi Sam (รัชกาลที่ 3, lit. 'the third reign'). This was probably becoming more prominent due to Western influences on Thailand during the reigns of Mongkut and his son, Chulalongkorn. Since then, all the reigns of kings in the dynasty are also known unofficially as Ratchakan thi nth ('the nth Reign'); hence, the present King's reign is also known as Ratchakan thi kao ('the ninth reign') and extrapolated back to all the earlier kings of the dynasty.
Since King Vajiravudh called himself Rama VI in English, the name was seemingly equivalent to Thai Ratchakan thi hok. This rough translation is still in use these days, although no other king in the dynasty before him used the name "Rama" as such.
However, there have been several kings in the Ayutthaya and Thonburi periods who officially used the reigning name of Ramathibodi (Rama + Athi + Bodi, lit. 'the great ruler Rama'). The name Ayutthya itself was borrowed from the name of Rama's capital in the Ramayana epic, Ayodhya. Still, most of the names of the earlier kings as given by historians are titles rather than real names. It was not customary to refer to a King by his name during his lifetime, and in many cases the personal names of the Kings are not now known. Even the titles are often doubtful. Each King had his full style and title inscribed on a golden plate, but these were all lost when the Ayutthaya Kingdom was destroyed in the sack of the city by the Burmese in 1767.[1]
The only king in the present dynasty who called himself Rama was Phra Mongkutklao or King Vajiravudh, who was the sixth to reign. His reigning title was Phra Mongkutklao Chaoyuhua; later in his reign, he preferred to style himself as Phra Ram thi Hok (พระรามที่หก lit. Rama VI). It was presumed that he was influenced by the European practice of numbering the rulers with similar names while he studied in England.
This quite conveniently coincided with another practice of the Thai people. Traditionally, the name of the king is sacred and would not normally be said. Instead people would refer to the king by other words — these days Nai Luang or Phra Chao Yu Hua. When King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke founded the dynasty, he was commonly referred to as Phan Din Ton (แผ่นดินต้น lit. 'the First Reign'); and when his son inherited the throne, he was referred to as Phan Din Klang (แผ่นดินกลาง lit. 'the Middle Reign'). This then became awkward when Prince Jessadabodindra (King Nangklao) became the third king, as the obvious referral would then be Phan Din Plai (แผ่นดินปลาย lit. 'the Last Reign') — which did not sound very auspicious. He decided to give the names Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke and Buddha Loedla Nabhalai, after the names of two Buddha statues, to his two predecessors. He was then posthumously given the name "Nang Klao" by his successor, King Mongkut, who also tried to establish more systematic royal nomenclature. Later historians would refer to King Nang Klao's reign as Ratchakan thi Sam (รัชกาลที่ 3, lit. 'the third reign'). This was probably becoming more prominent due to Western influences on Thailand during the reigns of Mongkut and his son, Chulalongkorn. Since then, all the reigns of kings in the dynasty are also known unofficially as Ratchakan thi nth ('the nth Reign'); hence, the present King's reign is also known as Ratchakan thi kao ('the ninth reign') and extrapolated back to all the earlier kings of the dynasty.
Since King Vajiravudh called himself Rama VI in English, the name was seemingly equivalent to Thai Ratchakan thi hok. This rough translation is still in use these days, although no other king in the dynasty before him used the name "Rama" as such.
However, there have been several kings in the Ayutthaya and Thonburi periods who officially used the reigning name of Ramathibodi (Rama + Athi + Bodi, lit. 'the great ruler Rama'). The name Ayutthya itself was borrowed from the name of Rama's capital in the Ramayana epic, Ayodhya. Still, most of the names of the earlier kings as given by historians are titles rather than real names. It was not customary to refer to a King by his name during his lifetime, and in many cases the personal names of the Kings are not now known. Even the titles are often doubtful. Each King had his full style and title inscribed on a golden plate, but these were all lost when the Ayutthaya Kingdom was destroyed in the sack of the city by the Burmese in 1767.[1]
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