after several months and was unable to stand for more than 5 minutes. She could not continue the long hours on
her feet, which was required for her job.
As Sharon began to share her experience in the supportive atmosphere of group therapy sessions, she
opened up her thinking about the connections in her life.She began to talk about her father and she realized that,
in the 7 years since his death, she had not been able to look at his pictures or to cry. As a promise to her father at
the time of his death, she had taken on the role of caring for her mother and had postponed her own grief.
In the process of her own healing, she moved beyond focusing only on the pain in her leg and realized the connection
between her pain and suffering and her unresolved grief. She was able to begin her own grief work,
looking through pictures of her father, visiting his grave,and talking about him with other family members. She
described both the sadness and the inner peace she was beginning to feel.
Sharon’s story is a model case for healing in chronic pain because, although she continued to feel some pain
in her leg, she was becoming stronger with therapy and began to plan her future. Her pain did not disappear, yet
she was able to transcend the experience of the pain and it was not the main focus of her life. She developed a
connection with her grief and a sense of unity with her feelings. She experienced more fulfilling interdependent
relationships with other family members, and began to feel more hope for the future, more peaceful, and able to
move on with her life.
Borderline Case
A borderline case is inconsistent in some way with the concept and, as such, it helps us see what makes the
model case consistent (Walker & Avant, 1995). The borderline case contains some of the attributes of healing
but not all of them. Frank’s story is an example of a borderline case.
Frank ’s story. Over the years, Frank worked at a job in which he was required to do heavy lifting. On one occasion,
as he was lifting a heavy box, he heard a sudden
snap and felt a sharp pain in his back. Within the next
few weeks, he received a laminectomy and rehabilitated
with physical therapy. The pain in Frank’s back disappeared over time and the disease process resolved. His
surgeon told him he could return to work in a job with lighter duty but that he was now four times more likely
to reinjure his back. The pain in Frank’s back was no longer physically uncomfortable and he was able to
function with household tasks; however, he was very anxious about returning to work and reinjuring his back.
His anxiety began to create conflict between him and his wife. Several months following the surgery, they were
not able to share sexual intimacy and he had not returned to work.
Frank’s situation is an example of a borderline case because the immediate situation of experiencing pain
was gone. At first, he appeared to be well; however, he did not experience inner peace. He was fearful and anxious.
He did not experience the connection and unity with himself and others. He was distanced from his wife
and not hopeful about his future .
Related Case
Related cases are instances of the concept but do not contain the critical attributes. Related cases are similar
and in some way connected and help us understand how the concept under study fits into the network of
concepts surrounding it (Walker & Avant, 1995). Lisa’s case describes what at first appears to be healing but
upon inspection is clearly not.
Lisa ’s story. Lisa was in a car accident; in the 2 years following the accident, she continued to experience low
back pain. She worked full-time in an office and was the director of a church choir. She functioned as a wife
and the mother of two teenage children. Even though she experienced persistent pain when she sat or stood
for long periods, she often had a smile on her face and never missed a day of work. She often would say she
was feeling fine. In the course of group therapy discussions about family relationships, however, she described
a rigid household in which there were many
after several months and was unable to stand for more than 5 minutes. She could not continue the long hours onher feet, which was required for her job.As Sharon began to share her experience in the supportive atmosphere of group therapy sessions, sheopened up her thinking about the connections in her life.She began to talk about her father and she realized that,in the 7 years since his death, she had not been able to look at his pictures or to cry. As a promise to her father atthe time of his death, she had taken on the role of caring for her mother and had postponed her own grief.In the process of her own healing, she moved beyond focusing only on the pain in her leg and realized the connectionbetween her pain and suffering and her unresolved grief. She was able to begin her own grief work,looking through pictures of her father, visiting his grave,and talking about him with other family members. Shedescribed both the sadness and the inner peace she was beginning to feel.Sharon’s story is a model case for healing in chronic pain because, although she continued to feel some painin her leg, she was becoming stronger with therapy and began to plan her future. Her pain did not disappear, yetshe was able to transcend the experience of the pain and it was not the main focus of her life. She developed aconnection with her grief and a sense of unity with her feelings. She experienced more fulfilling interdependentrelationships with other family members, and began to feel more hope for the future, more peaceful, and able tomove on with her life.Borderline CaseA borderline case is inconsistent in some way with the concept and, as such, it helps us see what makes themodel case consistent (Walker & Avant, 1995). The borderline case contains some of the attributes of healingbut not all of them. Frank’s story is an example of a borderline case.Frank ’s story. Over the years, Frank worked at a job in which he was required to do heavy lifting. On one occasion,as he was lifting a heavy box, he heard a suddensnap and felt a sharp pain in his back. Within the nextfew weeks, he received a laminectomy and rehabilitatedwith physical therapy. The pain in Frank’s back disappeared over time and the disease process resolved. Hissurgeon told him he could return to work in a job with lighter duty but that he was now four times more likelyto reinjure his back. The pain in Frank’s back was no longer physically uncomfortable and he was able tofunction with household tasks; however, he was very anxious about returning to work and reinjuring his back.His anxiety began to create conflict between him and his wife. Several months following the surgery, they werenot able to share sexual intimacy and he had not returned to work.Frank’s situation is an example of a borderline case because the immediate situation of experiencing painwas gone. At first, he appeared to be well; however, he did not experience inner peace. He was fearful and anxious.He did not experience the connection and unity with himself and others. He was distanced from his wifeand not hopeful about his future .Related CaseRelated cases are instances of the concept but do not contain the critical attributes. Related cases are similarand in some way connected and help us understand how the concept under study fits into the network ofconcepts surrounding it (Walker & Avant, 1995). Lisa’s case describes what at first appears to be healing butupon inspection is clearly not.Lisa ’s story. Lisa was in a car accident; in the 2 years following the accident, she continued to experience lowback pain. She worked full-time in an office and was the director of a church choir. She functioned as a wifeand the mother of two teenage children. Even though she experienced persistent pain when she sat or stoodfor long periods, she often had a smile on her face and never missed a day of work. She often would say shewas feeling fine. In the course of group therapy discussions about family relationships, however, she describeda rigid household in which there were many
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ผมย้ายเมืองหลวงข้ามแม่น้ำไปกรุงเทพฯใน 1782 , เพราะ . . . . . . . กรุงเทพมหานคร , ในขณะที่คุณอาจได้อ่าน ไม่ใช่ชื่อที่แท้จริงของเมือง
ผมย้ายเมืองหลวงข้ามแม่น้ำไปกรุงเทพฯใน 1782 , เพราะ . . . . . . . กรุงเทพมหานคร , ในขณะที่คุณอาจได้อ่าน ไม่ใช่ชื่อที่แท้จริงของเมือง
ผมย้ายเมืองหลวงข้ามแม่น้ำไปกรุงเทพฯใน 1782 , เพราะ . . . . . . . กรุงเทพมหานคร , ในขณะที่คุณอาจได้อ่าน ไม่ใช่ชื่อที่แท้จริงของเมือง
ผมย้ายเมืองหลวงข้ามแม่น้ำไปกรุงเทพฯใน 1782 , เพราะ . . . . . . . กรุงเทพมหานคร , ในขณะที่คุณอาจได้อ่าน ไม่ใช่ชื่อที่แท้จริงของเมือง
ผมย้ายเมืองหลวงข้ามแม่น้ำไปกรุงเทพฯใน 1782 , เพราะ . . . . . . . กรุงเทพมหานคร , ในขณะที่คุณอาจได้อ่าน ไม่ใช่ชื่อที่แท้จริงของเมือง
ผมย้ายเมืองหลวงข้ามแม่น้ำไปกรุงเทพฯใน 1782 , เพราะ . . . . . . . กรุงเทพมหานคร , ในขณะที่คุณอาจได้อ่าน ไม่ใช่ชื่อที่แท้จริงของเมือง
ผมย้ายเมืองหลวงข้ามแม่น้ำไปกรุงเทพฯใน 1782 , เพราะ . . . . . . . กรุงเทพมหานคร , ในขณะที่คุณอาจได้อ่าน ไม่ใช่ชื่อที่แท้จริงของเมือง
ผมย้ายเมืองหลวงข้ามแม่น้ำไปกรุงเทพฯใน 1782 , เพราะ . . . . . . . กรุงเทพมหานคร , ในขณะที่คุณอาจได้อ่าน ไม่ใช่ชื่อที่แท้จริงของเมือง
ผมย้ายเมืองหลวงข้ามแม่น้ำไปกรุงเทพฯใน 1782 , เพราะ . . . . . . . กรุงเทพมหานคร , ในขณะที่คุณอาจได้อ่าน ไม่ใช่ชื่อที่แท้จริงของเมือง
ผมย้ายเมืองหลวงข้ามแม่น้ำไปกรุงเทพฯใน 1782 , เพราะ . . . . . . . กรุงเทพมหานคร , ในขณะที่คุณอาจได้อ่าน ไม่ใช่ชื่อที่แท้จริงของเมือง
ผมย้ายเมืองหลวงข้ามแม่น้ำไปกรุงเทพฯใน 1782 , เพราะ . . . . . . . กรุงเทพมหานคร , ในขณะที่คุณอาจได้อ่าน ไม่ใช่ชื่อที่แท้จริงของเมือง
ผมย้ายเมืองหลวงข้ามแม่น้ำไปกรุงเทพฯใน 1782 , เพราะ . . . . . . . กรุงเทพมหานคร , ในขณะที่คุณอาจได้อ่าน ไม่ใช่ชื่อที่แท้จริงของเมือง
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