12. According to some basic sources of error in attribution, what is “the correspondence bias”, “the self-serving bias” and “the actor-observer effect”?
Answer: Attribution: Some basic sources of error
The correspondent bias: overestimating the role of dispositional causes. The tendency to explain other’s action as stemming from dispositions even in the presence of clear situation causes. This bias seems to be so general in scope that many social psychologists refer to it as Fundamental attribution error.
The actor-observer effect: You feel; it was pushed. People tend to attribute our own behavior to situation causes, but that of others to disposition ones. This is because, in part, we are quite aware of many external factors affecting our own actions but less aware of such factors when we turn our attention to the actions of other persons.
The self-serving bias: I am good; you are lucky. It refers to the tendency to attribute our own positive outcomes to internal causes but negative ones to external factors. One reason to explain this bias is to serve our self-esteem.