According to Kliebard,[9] John Dewey created an active intellectual learning environment in his laboratory school, which existed between 1896 and 1904. The neuroscientist James Zull has argued that the sort of active learning Dewey fostered is the way people naturally learn.[10] Active learning conditionalizes knowledge through experiential learning. Smith[11] writes that John Dewey believed education must engage with and expand experience; those methods used to educate must provide for exploration, thinking, and reflection; and that interaction with the environment is necessary for learning; also, that democracy should be upheld in the educational process. Dewey advocates the learning process of experiential learning through real life experience to construct and conditionalize knowledge, which is consistent with the Constructivists.