The accurate cytodiagnosis of breast cancer, by means of the fine-needle aspiration of the breast technique (FNAB), heavily relies on the cytopathologist’s expertise [1–7]: the time it normally takes for a medical doctor in the United Kingdom to become an independent cytopathologist is about 5 years as a minimum [8]. Such a fact gives a certain indication of the very complex learning process through which medical doctors have to pass in order for them to accurately interpret whether specific cytological features are present or not. In other words, since the cytodiagnosis of FNAB depends on the interpretation of visible cells more than a surveillance task of searching for abnormal cells [4], a well-trained eye is needed for the correct and consistent cytodiagnosis of breast cancer. Regarding this subjectivity, it is often the case that even expert
cytopathologists disagree on the interpretation of a sample; the
so-called interobserver variability problem