Based on the assumption that synteny is conserved with rice and that major structural rearrangements are absent, we estimated the number of genes contained within the introgressed segments. The number of positional candidate rice gene models ranged from 22 (HvNUD1) to 303 (HvVRS1). While these examples illustrate possible outcomes from inferring the location of a mutated locus using the NIL genotypic data alone, they also provide context for the likely impact of our data on morphological and developmental biology, and more broadly on trait genetics in the Triticeae cereals. The defining SNPs are ready-to-go gene-based markers that enable highly efficient targeting for positional cloning projects. In such endeavors the emerging draft barley genome sequence will play an increasingly important role