Almost all of the 21 countries analyzed
for the Index have some sort of carbonrelated
tax mechanism in place.
However, each country is unique in the
way that it manages its policy response
to climate change and carbon emissions
reduction and, as a result, the use of tax
penalties and incentives varies widely.
True carbon taxes are currently the
exception rather than the rule. Australia
has implemented a carbon price
mechanism which has a fixed price for
the first 3 years, and will then transition
to a flexible price trading scheme in 2015
South Africa is close to bringing in its
own carbon tax and China has committe
to do so but delayed its implementation