action recommendations for Boeing.
among the lessons to be learned going forward, Boeing should
1. Deploy knowledgeable, competent and committed managment at all levels, especially the C-suite and project management.
2. Recognize that innovation and outsourcing increase costs, coordination and risks.
3. Treat outsourcing and offshoring as regrettable necessities, rather than advantages to be pursued.
4. Complete engineering before making final make - buy decisions.
5. plan for the increased costs of outsourcing in advance.
6. where offshoring is envisaged, take steps to deal with culture and linguistic
7. explicitly plan for active involvement in the outsourced manufacturing to ensure quality and coordination.
8. take specific steps to mitigate risk by planning in advance for increased involvement.
9. develop long-terms relationships of trust and integrity with key suppliers.
10. pursue tiered outsourcing only in cases where such relationships of trust and integrity have been developed.