So, the welfare of the kingdom was dependent on the continuation of rituals in the Hindu tradition for the king.This resulted in a flourishing of the arts.Also, Javanese society developed a hierarchical structure, in line with Hindu conceptions of caste (social status).Consequently, different forms of language also developed, ranging from halus (refined) to rough (khasar).Of course the king and courtiers used refined or halus language. Even today, Javanese language maintains these different registers of speech. Partly for this reason, when modern Indonesia became independent, the founding leaders chose Malay, a more egalitarian language, as the new national language (“Indonesian”), in linen with democratic ideals.It seems that there was a volcanic eruption in the tenth century, which caused the people of Java to largely abandon all the temples of that region, including Borobodur. They moved their kingdom to eastern Java, where Hindu culture continued for several more centuries.Gradually, native (animist) elements in Javanese culture became more prominent, and so the earlier Indian-style imagery and architecture gave way to a more overtly indigenous style.One example of this change can be seen in the temple known as Candi Sukuh, which came at the end of the Hindu period in Javanese history (1437, according to an inscription).The temple is built on a mountain, as is so often the case. Further, the temple itself resembles a miniature pyramidal mountain, with steps that allow one to ascend as one would a mountain.