-applied system analysis involves the use of rigorous methods to help determine preferred plans and designs for complex ,often large-scale,systems this concept is requires. knowledge of available analytical tools
understanding of when each tool is more appropriate
skill in applying these tools to practical problems
ASA covers much of the same materials as operations research ,particularly linear programming ,dynamic programming and decision analysis .Their major difference is that operations research studies specific techniques and. mathematical properties ,whereas ASA focuses on their application.
-a top down approach that views the system as a whole .although engineering activities in the past have adequately covered the design of various system components, the necessary overview and understanding of how these components effectively perform together is frequently overlooked
Traditional engineering design methodology is based on a bottom up approach .Starting with a set of defined elements designer synthesize the product by finding the most appropriate combination of elements .the bottom up process is iterative with the number of iterations determined by the creativity and skill of the design team as well as by the complexity of the system of the function provide by that component ,that behavior is then decomposed .These decomposed functional behaviors are then described in more detail and made specific through an analysis process Then the appropriateness of the choice of functional components is verified by synthesizing the original entity
-a life-cycle orientation that address all phases to include system design and development production and/or construction , distribution, operation ,maintenance and support ,retirement ,phase out and disposal .Emphasis in the past has been placed primarily on design and system acquisition activities,with little consideration given to their impact on production ,operations,maintenance,support and disposal .If one is to adequately identify risks associated with the upfront decision making process ,then such decisions must be based on life cycle considerations
- systems optimization
the design of a system represents a decision about how resource should be transformed to achieve some objective .The final design is a choice of a particular combination of resources and a way to use them.It is normally selected form a number of combinations that would accomplish the same objective . A design must satisfy a variety of constraints including technical constraints, economic considerations(costs)and values .Thus ASA differs from traditional engineering in that it explicitly includes a great deal of economics.Important topics related to systems optimization are production function ,marginal analysis ,linear programming ,dynamic programming ,multi-objective optimization and sensitivity analysis
-system evaluation
the main purpose of systems evaluation is to help decision makers choose among project and strategies by estimating how much each choice may be worth .the tasks consist of identifying the potential advantages and disadvantages of any action ,and comparing them in some specific way
-applied system analysis involves the use of rigorous methods to help determine preferred plans and designs for complex ,often large-scale,systems this concept is requires. knowledge of available analytical tools
understanding of when each tool is more appropriate
skill in applying these tools to practical problems
ASA covers much of the same materials as operations research ,particularly linear programming ,dynamic programming and decision analysis .Their major difference is that operations research studies specific techniques and. mathematical properties ,whereas ASA focuses on their application.
-a top down approach that views the system as a whole .although engineering activities in the past have adequately covered the design of various system components, the necessary overview and understanding of how these components effectively perform together is frequently overlooked
Traditional engineering design methodology is based on a bottom up approach .Starting with a set of defined elements designer synthesize the product by finding the most appropriate combination of elements .the bottom up process is iterative with the number of iterations determined by the creativity and skill of the design team as well as by the complexity of the system of the function provide by that component ,that behavior is then decomposed .These decomposed functional behaviors are then described in more detail and made specific through an analysis process Then the appropriateness of the choice of functional components is verified by synthesizing the original entity
-a life-cycle orientation that address all phases to include system design and development production and/or construction , distribution, operation ,maintenance and support ,retirement ,phase out and disposal .Emphasis in the past has been placed primarily on design and system acquisition activities,with little consideration given to their impact on production ,operations,maintenance,support and disposal .If one is to adequately identify risks associated with the upfront decision making process ,then such decisions must be based on life cycle considerations
- systems optimization
the design of a system represents a decision about how resource should be transformed to achieve some objective .The final design is a choice of a particular combination of resources and a way to use them.It is normally selected form a number of combinations that would accomplish the same objective . A design must satisfy a variety of constraints including technical constraints, economic considerations(costs)and values .Thus ASA differs from traditional engineering in that it explicitly includes a great deal of economics.Important topics related to systems optimization are production function ,marginal analysis ,linear programming ,dynamic programming ,multi-objective optimization and sensitivity analysis
-system evaluation
the main purpose of systems evaluation is to help decision makers choose among project and strategies by estimating how much each choice may be worth .the tasks consist of identifying the potential advantages and disadvantages of any action ,and comparing them in some specific way
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