and around half did not provide protective clothing and vaccinations for their staff.
Training and adoption of standard procedures should be established in all dental clinics and healthcare waste management should be introduced in university curricula for dentists. Vaccinations (as recommended by the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Holmberg et al., 2012) should be offered without charge for employees handling clinical wastes who have not already been vaccinated against hepatitis, tetanus or tuberculosis.