This might due to the relative surface area of the powders, as the surface area of the acid-modified IC powder was 8.15 m2/g whereas the raw IC powder surface area was 0.91 m2/g. Based on the results, acid-modified IC powder was selected instead of raw IC powder. Samples of the results on plastic and A4 writing paper are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, respectively. Fig. 1a and b shows the results of eccrine fingermarks on plastic developed with acid-modified IC powder and raw IC powder, respectively. Fig. 1c and d shows the results of sebaceous fingermarks on plastic developed with acid-modified IC powder and raw IC powder, respectively. Clear ridge details can be seen in Fig. 1a and c whereas Fig. 1b and d shows only the evidences of contact but no clear ridge details were produced