THEORY OF UGLY AND ORDINARY (129)
building industry and its financial structure and hoping to ensure fast, sound and economical construction. This is good in the short run, and the short is what our clients have largely retained us architects for. Architectural theories of the short run tend toward the idealization and generalization of expediency. Architecture for the long run requires creation, rather than adaptation, and response to advanced technology and sophisticated organization. It depends on sound research that may perhaps be promoted in the architect's office but should be financed outside it, because the client's fee is not adequate for and not intended for that purpose. Although architects have not wished to recognize it, most architectural problems are of the expedient type, and the more architects become involved in social problems, the more this is true. In general the world cannot wait for the architect to build his or her utopia, and in the main the architect's concern should belong not with what ought to but with is and with how to help improve it now. This is a humbler role for architects than the Modern movement has wanted to accept; however, it is artistically a more promising one.
UGLY AND ORDINARY AS SYMIBOL AND STYLE
Artistically, the use of conventional elements in ordinary architecture be they dumb doorknobs or the familiar forms of existing construction systems evokes association for past experience. Such elements may be carefully chosen or thoughtfully adapted from existing vocabularies or standard catalogs rather than uniquely created via original data and artistic intuition. To design a window, for instance, you start not only with the abstract function of modulating light rays and breezes to serve interior space but with the image of window of all the windows you know plus others you find out about. This approach is symbolically and functionally conventional, but it promotes an architecture of meaning, broader and richer if less dramatic than architecture of expression.
We have shown how heroic and original (H&O) architecture derives dramatic expression from the connotative of its "original" elements : It gives off abstract or rather, expressions recognizable in the physiognomic character of the architectural elements .Ugly and ordinary (U&O) architecture, on the other hand, includes denotative meanings as well, derived from its familiar elements; that is, it suggests more or less concrete meanings via association and past experience. The "brutalism" of an H&O fire station comes from its rough texture; its civic monumentality comes from its big scale; expression of structure and program and "truth to materials" comes from the particular articulations of its forms. Its total image derives from these purely architectural qualities transmitted through abstract forms,
THEORY OF UGLY AND ORDINARY (129) building industry and its financial structure and hoping to ensure fast, sound and economical construction. This is good in the short run, and the short is what our clients have largely retained us architects for. Architectural theories of the short run tend toward the idealization and generalization of expediency. Architecture for the long run requires creation, rather than adaptation, and response to advanced technology and sophisticated organization. It depends on sound research that may perhaps be promoted in the architect's office but should be financed outside it, because the client's fee is not adequate for and not intended for that purpose. Although architects have not wished to recognize it, most architectural problems are of the expedient type, and the more architects become involved in social problems, the more this is true. In general the world cannot wait for the architect to build his or her utopia, and in the main the architect's concern should belong not with what ought to but with is and with how to help improve it now. This is a humbler role for architects than the Modern movement has wanted to accept; however, it is artistically a more promising one. UGLY AND ORDINARY AS SYMIBOL AND STYLE Artistically, the use of conventional elements in ordinary architecture be they dumb doorknobs or the familiar forms of existing construction systems evokes association for past experience. Such elements may be carefully chosen or thoughtfully adapted from existing vocabularies or standard catalogs rather than uniquely created via original data and artistic intuition. To design a window, for instance, you start not only with the abstract function of modulating light rays and breezes to serve interior space but with the image of window of all the windows you know plus others you find out about. This approach is symbolically and functionally conventional, but it promotes an architecture of meaning, broader and richer if less dramatic than architecture of expression. We have shown how heroic and original (H&O) architecture derives dramatic expression from the connotative of its "original" elements : It gives off abstract or rather, expressions recognizable in the physiognomic character of the architectural elements .Ugly and ordinary (U&O) architecture, on the other hand, includes denotative meanings as well, derived from its familiar elements; that is, it suggests more or less concrete meanings via association and past experience. The "brutalism" of an H&O fire station comes from its rough texture; its civic monumentality comes from its big scale; expression of structure and program and "truth to materials" comes from the particular articulations of its forms. Its total image derives from these purely architectural qualities transmitted through abstract forms,
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