Two models can characterize Toyota culture. One of them was presented in internal training document
“The Toyota Way 2001,” which was published for employees to introduce their main features and values of the
management style of the company (Hoseus and Liker 2008). On Figure 5, the model is depicted as a house,
where the culture of the company stands on two pillars: Continuous Improvement and Respect for People.
Continuous Improvement has three sub-categories that are shown as the foundation of the house (Hoseus and