Access to energy is critical to sustainable de-velopment [1]. Currently, approximately 1.2 billion people (i.e., 20% of the world’s population) have no access to electricity, which impacts the fulfill-ment of their basic modern life. Thus, future energy demands are expected to increase. Moreover, con-ventional fossil-based energy accounts for 66% of total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions [2]. To limit global warming to two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, global GHG emissions must be reduced to half of the 1990s levels by the middle of the century [3]. Adopting renewable energy (RE) has quickly emerged as an important solution to mi-tigating climate change [4]. Consequently, RE gene-rators have spread across many countries. Recent estimations indicate that RE provided 12.9% of to-tal primary energy supply in 8002 [5] and accounted for 22% of the world’s total energy consumption in 8025 [6]. In addition, RE has potential to provide increases that can meet up to 50% of global energy demand by 8000 [7].