The experiments revealed that direct selection for grain yield
under stress is effective under lowland stress and confirmed the
earlier findings of its effectiveness under upland stress. Indirect
selection for grain yield under non-stress was less effective as
compared to the direct selection for grain yield under stress for
both lowland and upland drought stress. None of the secondary
traits studied here were more effective for selection under stress
than grain yield per se. The study indicated a positive response
to selection under severe drought stress that reduced the mean
yield of the stress trial by more than 65% compared with the
non-stress yield in both lowland and upland situations