Table 1
The 7 basic quality tools.
Quality tool Aim
Cause-and-effect diagram
(Ishikawa chart or
fishbone chart)
Identifies many possible causes for an effect or
problem and sorts ideas into useful categories
(machine, method, measure, people, materials,
environment)
Check sheet A structured, prepared form for collecting and
analyzing data that can be adapted for a wide
variety of purposes
Control charts Applied to study how a process changes over
time to identify whether it is under control or
not (if there are special causes affecting the
process outcomes)
Process evolution can also be studied in a
more simplistic way through Linear Graphs
Histogram Shows frequency distributions or how often
each different value occurs in a set of data
Pareto Chart Applied to prioritize problems as it displays
on a bar graph which factors are more
significant.
It is based on the assumption that 80% of the
problems (effects) are caused by 20% of
sources (causes)
Scatter diagram Presents the relationship between two
variables
Stratification It separates data collected from different
sources so that patterns can be seen. Some authors
indicate using the “Flowcharts” with the
stratification to facilitate identifying the
analysis catego
Table 1The 7 basic quality tools.Quality tool AimCause-and-effect diagram(Ishikawa chart orfishbone chart)Identifies many possible causes for an effect orproblem and sorts ideas into useful categories(machine, method, measure, people, materials,environment)Check sheet A structured, prepared form for collecting andanalyzing data that can be adapted for a widevariety of purposesControl charts Applied to study how a process changes overtime to identify whether it is under control ornot (if there are special causes affecting theprocess outcomes)Process evolution can also be studied in amore simplistic way through Linear GraphsHistogram Shows frequency distributions or how ofteneach different value occurs in a set of dataPareto Chart Applied to prioritize problems as it displayson a bar graph which factors are moresignificant.It is based on the assumption that 80% of theproblems (effects) are caused by 20% ofsources (causes)Scatter diagram Presents the relationship between twovariablesStratification It separates data collected from differentsources so that patterns can be seen. Some authorsindicate using the “Flowcharts” with thestratification to facilitate identifying theanalysis catego
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