Schizophrenia is a severe and frequently observed mental
illness that affects 1% of the general population. Schizophrenia
is characterized by a wide range of symptoms, including
positive symptoms (delusions and hallucinations), negative
symptoms (social withdrawal, blunted affect), cognitive
symptoms (difficulties with memory and attention), and
affective dysregulation [1]. Moreover, psychiatric comorbidities
are very common among patients with schizophrenia,
particularly substance abuse, anxiety, and depressive symptoms
[2]. In addition to these psychiatric features, endocrine
and cardiometabolic alterations (e.g., type 2 diabetes, obesity,
hypertension, and dyslipidemia) are frequently associated
with schizophrenia. Indeed, cardiovascular diseases are the
leading cause of the high mortality among patients with
schizophrenia, which is 2-3 times higher than that of the
general population