The pegged exchange rate arrangements posed much greater problems in 1997, when
governments ran down their foreign exchange reserves to defend pegged currencies that were
increasingly judged by the markets to be unsustainable. As the reserves ran down, vulnerability to
financial panic increased. Looking over the course of the 1990s, we can say that Asia=s pegged
exchange rates posed at least three problems. First, they gave over-confidence to investors, who
ignored exchange risks on the belief that nominal exchange rates would be pegged indefinitely, or
at least long enough to allow for a graceful exit.