because the reaction time was short. In
comparison, at low voltage gradient, 30 V/cm, the heating rate
was 1.392 C/s, which means high residence time at which the
change in the pH was maximum (6.34%) because of the longer
reaction time. It has been reported that during ohmic heating,
hydrolysis and corrosion reactions between the electrodes and
the electrolyte solution may occur, where at high electrical
power and salt content, a significant loss of buffering capacity
was noted (Assiry et al., 2010, 2003). Generally, the effect of ohmic
heating on the pH was limited since the max percentage
change was 6.34%.