Methods: In this paper, we estimate PM10 concentration using a spatial interpolation method on a grid with a
spatial resolution 0.01° × 0.01°. PM10 concentration data from monitoring stations are spatially interpolated, based
on accurate population data in 2000 using a geographic information system. Then, an interpolated population layer
is overlaid with an interpolated PM10 concentration layer, and population exposure levels are calculated. Combined
with the exposure-response function between PM10 and health endpoints, economic costs of the adverse health
effects of PM10 pollution are analyzed.