Multivariate lin-ear regression analysis showed the intervention program, lower hyperopic base-line refraction, lower father’s education level, longer time sleeping and less timein screen-viewing activities were associated with less refractive shift in the direc-tion of myopia in non-myopic children. For myopic subjects, myopia progressionwas significantly associated with family income only. The intervention programand older age had a protective effect on axial growth for both myopic and non-myopic subjects. The father’s education level and sleep duration were significantlyassociated with axial growth in non-myopic children.Conclusions: Elevated light levels in classrooms have a significant effect on myo-pia onset, decreases in refraction, and axial growth; if the findings of lightingintervention are reproduced in future studies, the ambient light levels in schoolsshould be improved