1. Majority of the workers are not wearing PPE mainly due to their negligence or feeling uncomfortable secondly not provided by the management. 2. Mostly workers are illiterate or very less educated even under primary or middle and are not aware of heat stress and hazardous effects of noise. 3. Almost the workers of both casting and forging units are highly exposed to heat stress and high noise levels, 60 to 72 hrs/week even without PPE.