It is precisely to designate these changes that FAO has forged the concept of “Climate Smart
Agriculture” (CSA), as a way forward for food security in a changing climate. CSA aims to improve
food security, adapt to climate change and contribute to mitigate climate change by adopting
appropriate practices, develop enabling policies and institutions and mobilizing needed finances. In
order to ensure food and nutrition security and to meet an increasing demand, production has to
increase, particularly in developing countries. Climate change, both increased variability and slow
onset changes, will impact food systems, especially where they are already most vulnerable.
Agriculture is also called upon to contribute to mitigate climate change. Considering the necessary
increase of production, staying within planetary boundaries will require to reduce emissions per kg of
output and to enhance carbon sinks.