firstly,theplasma-treatedSnO2/carbonaceouspre-
cursors (0.2 g) were ultrasonically dispersed in 10 mL tetra-n-butyl
titanate solution (0.1 M) which was obtained by dissolving a certain
amount of C16H36O4Ti into ethanol. And then, the mixed solution
was leftfor 24 h at room temperature statically