Community health workers have been used widely to improve case detection and treatment success in Ethiopia, and to expand tuberculosis control in Pakistan with the Lady Health Worker Programme. However, in Brazil, few family health teams used community health workers to provide treatment supervision for patients with tuberculosis, thereby missing an opportunity to expand services. Public-private approaches have frequently been used in high-burden countries to improve care and outcomes, including Kenya, Indonesia, Burma, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, and South Africa.