We have presented from a heuristic viewpoint an elementary study of the unusual
GMS, trying to emphasise the role of more or less hidden symmetries in
preserving the magic sum. Thus we were led to the translation of arithmetical
questions into geometrical considerations on a rather complicated though
natural surface, that of a torus, a fact that should emphasise interest on the
consideration of the unity of Mathematics and the interplay between different
techniques as the cornerstone of mathematical activity.
In this paper no attempt has been made either towards extremely rigourous
theorem proving or precise definitions. Rather, playing with figures and diagrams,
scribbling and —to say it in a single word— discovery have been mainly
stressed. For instance, the word “window” has been used interchangeably to
describe both the window itself and the set of numbers seen through it, and it
is obvious that Theorems 8 and 9 could be stated jointly in a single result, that
could have been rewritten in terms of subgroups of G4.The reader is invited to
do it as an exercise in mathematical elegance.
We have presented from a heuristic viewpoint an elementary study of the unusualGMS, trying to emphasise the role of more or less hidden symmetries inpreserving the magic sum. Thus we were led to the translation of arithmeticalquestions into geometrical considerations on a rather complicated thoughnatural surface, that of a torus, a fact that should emphasise interest on theconsideration of the unity of Mathematics and the interplay between differenttechniques as the cornerstone of mathematical activity.In this paper no attempt has been made either towards extremely rigouroustheorem proving or precise definitions. Rather, playing with figures and diagrams,scribbling and —to say it in a single word— discovery have been mainlystressed. For instance, the word “window” has been used interchangeably todescribe both the window itself and the set of numbers seen through it, and itis obvious that Theorems 8 and 9 could be stated jointly in a single result, thatcould have been rewritten in terms of subgroups of G4.The reader is invited todo it as an exercise in mathematical elegance.
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