During a median follow-up of 13.3 years (37,408 person-years), 1815 and 876 participants died from all-cause and CVD causes, respectively. 72% of the participants had vitamin K intake lower than the recommended adequate intake. Participants with vitamin K intake higher than recommended adequate intake for vitamin K were associated with lower risk of all-cause (HR = 0.85; 95%: 0.72–1; P = 0.047) and CVD mortality (HR = 0.78; 95%: 0.64–95; P = 0.016). Sensitivity analyses in subgroups with advanced CKD revealed similar findings.