Ethics as used here refers to a set of normative standards for resolving dilemmas that policy analysis or evaluators often face with regard to what they should do in performing their roles in the interests of societal desirability. Those standards include situations that involve policy optimizing, sensitivity analysis, partisanship, unforeseen consequences, equity, efficient research, research sharing, research validity, and handing official wrongdoing. Each of these dilemma situations will be discussed in this chapter in terms of some general ideas and a concrete illustrative example. The examples often draw on the field of criminal-justice research, but one can easily reason by analogy to other subject matters.