Pyroligneous solution (PS) is a mixture of volatilized substances captured during pyrolysis of plant residues [20]. In slightly acid reaction, PS is generally a mixture of reacting organic compounds with relatively small molecular weights (mainly organic acids and phenolic compounds) [21]. And PS has been shown beneficial for crop performance and the tolerance to pest and disease infection [22]. BSA supplemented with PS reduced salinity and soil pH, and increased crop yield in a salt-stressed soil [10]. Under this combined amendment, improvement was observed of plant growth and leaf biological activity of maize on the soil [23]. However, how this combined amendment affect microbial growth, activity and community composition in the treated salt-stressed soil has not yet been examined.