resource. Investment in man and woman for human capital formation must be made an important item on the
agenda for action if a developing country like Pakistan is to find an escape from the whirlpool of poverty
(Khan, 2006).
Most strategies of human resource mobilization involve a series of assumptions. First, if they are to work, a
process of ongoing structural change is necessary. This cannot be one step affair; time is essential, and the
process has to be achieved by stages. But without structural change, efforts at human resource mobilization
are likely to languish. To reduce inequality, far-seeing legislation and its implementation are inevitable.
Pakistan and many other Third World countries have enactments that are aimed at the reduction of inequality,
but they are half hearted and their implementation has been weak. Welfare measures are necessary, but do
not constitute development. While curbing expenditure on luxury and ostentation, it is also necessary to raise
the earning capacity of the poor and to make openings for them in the structure of economic opportunity;
jobs will have to be found for those who are without employment or in a state of disguised unemployment.
Measures to reduce disparities between regions and groups are also necessary. Moreover, these steps should
pave the way for imaginative institution building.
Most important of all, human resource mobilization requires that people have genuine access to planning and
that development endeavor becomes truly participative an elite bias is reflected most national plans of Third
World countries, despite concessions to the ideas of grass roots planning and planning from below. No
satisfactory mechanisms have been found which can integrate the elite’s and the people perceptions
regarding the direction and shape of development. That is why the plans of most Third World countries are
planner’s plans, which do not reflect the wishes and priorities of the people in any significant measure. There
can be little wonder that the common people, especially the poor show scant enthusiasm for the very abstract
and sophisticated models that are developed by high-level planners. Establishing two-way communication
links between central planning and regional and local planning is a major task. While planning from below
cannot take into account major national needs, there certainly exists a case for having a wide enough area in
which people themselves can take decisions in regard to the immediate and vital needs of their lives.
In a large number of Third World countries, while most plans are theoretically sound, project formulations
and assessment is generally weak. A component that is especially, effective is the delivery system.
The public services in many developing countries are being pulled in different directions. They have also to
serve the survival interests of their political masters and this is often given priority over service to the people.
Even with these constraints, some reforms can be introduced. The bureaucracy has to be more sensitive and
responsive to the people and their wishes. It has to get out of the set grooves of precedent and procedure. Its
routine and its checks and counter checks are too cumbersome and cause delays, which are sometimes very
costly. This calls for rationalization and simplification of procedures and for the creation of a new operating
culture. The bureaucracy has to be seen to word with the work and with the people.
It may be added that the bureaucracy in a country will have all the defects that are endemic to the society as
a whole. Nepotism, corruption and lack of work ethics will have to be fought on a societal level.
Bureaucracy, however, is part of the intelligentsia, and it is expected to be a relatively disciplined sector of
society. As such, change in it will have to come in first, along with the rectification of the distortions that
have crept into the political culture. The politics of power, patronage and mass deception does not allow the
people genuine access to decision making, Renovation and reforms in bureaucracy can be controlled more
directly and immediately.
For development of a true work ethics and for mobilization of human resources to achieve sustained
equitable growth, concretization and politicization are necessary conditions. Man cannot be driven to work
like a slave, nor can he function mindlessly attending robot-like to his assigned tasks. It is necessary for him
to understand the forces that are shaping the modern world and his own place in them. It is necessary for the
world’s poor to know that poverty is not divinely ordained but a map made condition.
The unhappy plight of a large section of mankind is not unalterable fate; something can be done about it, and
more equitable standards of living consistent with human dignity and freedom can be attained. This is what
concretization is about. Politicization should be viewed as a complementary process, aimed as a
complementary process and aim