3.2 Manual evaluation
Ministry of Social Development and Human Security (E-smartcard for people with
disabilities) and Ministry of Education (Education center for people with disabilities) are the highest
total score at 7 from 15 in manual test. The result is not surprising because those websites deliver
service for people with disabilities so that they have to pay high attention to develop accessible
online materials. However, all the websites failed to meet WCAG in manual check. The average
score is 5. The significance of a score of 5 is that all the websites would be accessibility problems.
The most error related to media presentations. All of the websites got zero score in media
checkpoint. Again, if websites provide prerecorded media with alternative forms such caption, text
description and sign language interpretation therefore, people with vision impairment or people
who are deaf or hearing impairment can understand the content of media. Another notable failure
is the level of contrast ratio in text and background. WCAG suggests that text and images of text are
required the ratio at 4:5 for regular text and 3:1 for large text. However, some websites present
specific colors which do not meet to WCAG. For example, organization color is dark blue then web
developers use dark blue text on a light blue background. The contrast ratio is 2.32:1 so the
website fails to meet requirements. Ordinary people may not face this issue however; people with
color vision deficiency have difficulty seeing web contents. Consequently, web developer should
have skills and knowledge to ensure that a website is accessible to people with special needs.
The highlight is that some websites show WCAG logo (Figure 3) in pages. In other words,
those websites complied with WCAG. However, the results show that the website would have
accessibility issues. For example, one of selected websites which presents WCAG logo all pages,
failed to meet 1.2.2 (Captions) and 1.2.3 (Audio Description or Media Alternative). Alternative forms
are not provided in the latest video. The cause of a problem may be because web staffs have a
low level of awareness of web accessibility when update information.