samples infused with trehalose or AWWE alone (Table 1). Water
starts freezing in the extracellular space causing tissue damage and
the role of AFPs accumulated in the extracellular space for tissue
protection is widely documented (Griffith & Antikainen, 1996).
Fruits accumulate sucrose and reducing sugars in the cytoplasm
which may have also contributed to cryoprotection.
3.2. Microscopic observations
Fig. 4 shows the results from microscopic observations using
fluorescein diacetate (FDA) to identify cell viability of fresh and
vacuum infused samples. The pictures demonstrate that cell
viability in all tissues is preserved after the vacuum treatment. In
Fig. 5, the micrographs of frozen/thawed samples are presented.