As for multimodal transport, Boschian et al. (2009) and Dotoli et al. (2010) indicate that ICT
has a huge potential for efficient, effective and reliable real-time management and operations
of multimodal freight transport. Most academic publications focus on a particular type of
technology or an application in multimodal transport (Dullaert et al. 2009; Bock 2010;
Coronado et al. 2009; Kengpol et al. 2012). For example, Dullaert et al. (2009) present an
intelligent agent-based expert communication platform in order to increase cost efficiency,
service and safety for various transport-related actors. Bock (2010) proposes a new real-timeoriented
control approach for freight forwarder transportation networks, which integrates
multimodal transportation and multiple transhipments, to expand load consolidation, reduce
empty vehicle trips, and handle dynamic disturbances. Coronado et al. (2009) examine the
feasibility of using vehicular network technology and dedicated short range communication
(DSRC) to enhance the visibility and connectivity in the multimodal logistics environment
through utilising secure access architecture.