The potential use of microalgae as an alternative renewable source
of biomass for biofuel production and biorefineries has received significant
attention in recent years [1,2]. Microalgae are photosynthetic
microorganisms capable of converting CO2 and water into organic macromolecules
such as lipids, polysaccharides and proteins, under light
conditions. Compared with traditional terrestrial biomass feedstock,
microalgae possess many advantageous characteristics including a fast
growth rate, high areal productivity, efficient carbon dioxide fixation,
possibility of exploitation in different climates, with a wide variety of
water sources (fresh, saline, wastewater) and on nonarable land, and
ability to accumulate relatively high amounts of lipids and carbohydrates
inside their cells for biodiesel and bioethanol production, respectively
[3]. However, despite these promising benefits, a considerable
amount of research and development efforts is still to be carried out
because of several remaining hurdles to the development of the
microalgae to biofuel technology, mainly related to harvesting and feedstock
extraction [4].
The potential use of microalgae as an alternative renewable source
of biomass for biofuel production and biorefineries has received significant
attention in recent years [1,2]. Microalgae are photosynthetic
microorganisms capable of converting CO2 and water into organic macromolecules
such as lipids, polysaccharides and proteins, under light
conditions. Compared with traditional terrestrial biomass feedstock,
microalgae possess many advantageous characteristics including a fast
growth rate, high areal productivity, efficient carbon dioxide fixation,
possibility of exploitation in different climates, with a wide variety of
water sources (fresh, saline, wastewater) and on nonarable land, and
ability to accumulate relatively high amounts of lipids and carbohydrates
inside their cells for biodiesel and bioethanol production, respectively
[3]. However, despite these promising benefits, a considerable
amount of research and development efforts is still to be carried out
because of several remaining hurdles to the development of the
microalgae to biofuel technology, mainly related to harvesting and feedstock
extraction [4].
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