Corporate brand image (or corporate
image, brand personality), in the literature,
is defined as consumers’ perception of a
brand as reflected by the brand associations
held in consumer memory (Keller, 1993).
Thus, it is about the consumer’s emotional
response to a brand that leads to differentiate
between alternative offerings (Syed Alwi,
2009). The image associated with brands can
influence, among other things, perceptions
about quality, value, or price. Therefore,
developing a brand image strategy has been
described as the first and most vital step in
positioning a brand in the marketplace (Park
et al., 1986). A positive brand image can
also increase marketing communication
effectiveness (Keller, 1993).
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