Amazon EC2 [27] is a representative IaaS cloud, offering raw
hardware resources including CPU, storage, and networks to
users. Most EC2 VMinstances are launched with Linux kernels,
and are Xen-para-virtualized as domU guests on top of dom0,
which run directly on the bare-metal hardware upon booting.
As the leading virtualization technology in the Linux community
together with KVM [28], Xen supports para-virtualization
on almost all hardware with Linux drivers, and hence gives
close-to-native performance, especially for CPU virtualization
and I/O virtualization, as has been verified by extensive measurements
including ours. Comparing to a common PaaS cloud,
EC2 is an appropriate platform for computation-intensive tasks
in CloudMoV, i.e., those the surrogates carry out.