It s ever increasing problem faced by urban areas in our so-called advanced societies lies in the
disposal of the residuals from production and consumption processes. It s also becoming difficult and
costly to dispose of such wastes without causing damage to the environment (Conn, 1977). Institutions
are generally not directly involved in operating landfill disposal facilities. If this is the case, IWM
Scoreboard points should be awarded for based on the presence of the total waste stream that is currently
being managed in modern disposal facilities (rather than open dumpsites). UNEP, (2005)