Experience
The mothers' past experiences were potent influential factors
in the process of empowerment Experiences within
their family of origin, from work situations, and from educational
contexts, all influenced how the mothers meinaged
the challenges engendered m having a chronically ill
child Additionally, all of the mothers learned through
their experiences of caring for the affected child As Kieffer
(1984) noted, there was no other substitute for learmng
through experience