As shown in Table 1, only a few residents were self-reliant in toileting. The larger Nordic study was designed to
accept most residents in order to include a case-mix with a wide range of medical diagnoses and functional limitations.9
The population in our smaller Norwegian UI study was frail according to the definition of frailty,
which is often the case for residents in NH. Evidence-based guidelines for the assessment and treatment of UI in the frail elderly in NH are available.The guidelines recommend active screening for UI along with screening for the person’s frailty. The treatment guidelines recommend basing interventions on the resident’s preferences for UI care and treatment. Residents’ preferences for UI care are of great importance because even cognitively impaired persons can express treatment preferences and treatment satisfaction