In a 2013 paper for Strategic Studies Quarterly, expert Philip Potter writes that "China's ongoing security crackdown in Xinjiang has forced the most militant Uyghur separatists into volatile neighboring countries, such as Pakistan, where they are forging strategic alliances with, and even leading, jihadist factions affiliated with al-Qaeda and the Taliban." As a result, militant Uighur groups will likely deepen their collaboration with a dense web of international terrorist organizations, and potentially enable the capabilities of those groups. In March 2014, TIP leader Abdullah Mansour vowed from his hideout in Pakistan a holy war against the Chinese, whom he described as an "enemy of all Muslims." TIP separatists have mainly hidden in the restive North Waziristan region—a troubling association that has prompted Beijing to pressure Islamabad on its counter-terrorism efforts.