The first problem, cognitive inertia, plays against psychological ownership and heedful
interrelating. It is associated with two typical behaviors amongst experts of different disciplines:
"groupthink" and "compartmentalization". "Groupthink" is a mode of thinking that people
engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive in-group. "Groupthink" typically leads to
an overestimation of the in-group, closed-mindedness, and stereotypes of out-groups; and
"compartmentalization," a fragmentation of viewpoints and a lack of shared mental models.
Groups tend towards the opposite of sharing the unique information or knowledge held by
individuals, preferring to jointly discuss held information or knowledge (Stasser and Titus,
1987). Fragmentation may make it impossible for experts from different contexts to "speak the
same language" and exchange ideas about a problem (Engestrom et al., 1995).