The ever increasing demand for energy requires our quick action
to utilize the renewable energy sources effectively. Solar cells
are used to convert light photons from solar energy into electrons.
Among the various solar cells, dye sensitized solar cell is
an attempt to reproduce nature’s photosynthesis process [1]. The
four major parts of DSSC are the photo electrode, the dye, the electrolyte
and the counter electrode. Each part has its significant role
in light to electron conversion efficiency (). In DSSC, the photons
are converted into electric current by charge injection from
excited dye molecules into the conduction band of a wide band
gap semiconductor [2]. The absorption of light by the metal oxide
semiconductor is less due to its wide band gap and it affects the
charge creation also. Hence, a sensitizer is needed and the light is
absorbed by the sensitizer (dye) which is available on the surface
of the metal oxide semiconductor. Charge separation takes place
at the interface due to the photo-induced electron injection from
dye to the conduction band of the semiconductor. This is in contrast
to the conventional silicon based solar cells, where the metal
oxide semiconductor performs both the task of light absorption
and charge separation [3]. The dye molecule was regenerated by
a redox (for example I
+/I3
−)