REALs reflect current thinking in the area of constructivist learning environments. For example, in a rt.-cent article on constructivist values for instructional systems design, Lebow (1993) presents five key principles for designing constructivist learning environments:
1. Protect learners From potentially damaging instructional practices by promoting personal autonomy and learner control, supporting self-regulation. and making instruction personally relevant to the learner.
2. Create a context for learning that supports the development of personal autonomy as well as relatedness.
3. Provide learners with the reasons for learning within the learning activity.
4. Support sell-regulation by promoting the development of the skills and attitudes that enable learners to take on increasing responsibility tor their own teaming.
5. Encourage intentional teaming and examination of errors.