Job satisfaction has been defined in a variety of ways, with the most widely used definitions in the literature being
those of Locke (1976), Dawis & Lofquist (1984), and Porter, Lawler, and Hackman (1975). Locke (1976) defined
job satisfaction as a pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job experiences.
Dawis & Lofquist (1984) defined job satisfaction as the result of the worker’s appraisal of the degree to which the
work environment fulfills the individual’s needs, and Porter, Lawler, & Hackman (1975) defined job satisfaction as
one’s reaction against his/her occupation or organization. In general, it can be said that job satisfaction is an
affective reaction to a job that results from the person’s comparison of actual outcomes with those that are desired,
anticipated, or deserved (Oshagbemi, 2000).